An "AND" gate
An "OR" gate
A flip-flop
A clock

None
One
Two
Four

An XOR gate
A flip-flop
An OR gate
A multiplexer

1
2
4
8

Monostable multivibrator
J-K Flip-Flop
T Flip-Flop
Astable Multivibrator

It switches momentarily to the opposite binary state and then returns, after a set time, to its original state
It is a clock that produces a continuous square wave oscillating between 1 and 0
It stores one bit of data in either a 0 or 1 state
It maintains a constant output voltage, regardless of variations in the input voltage

It produces a logic "0" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1"
It produces a logic "1" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1"
It produces a logic "1" at its output if only one input is a logic "1"
It produces a logic "1" at its output if all inputs are logic "0"

It produces a logic "0" at its output only when all inputs are logic "0"
It produces a logic "1" at its output only when all inputs are logic "1"
It produces a logic "0" at its output if some but not all of its inputs are logic "1"
It produces a logic "0" at its output only when all inputs are logic "1"

It produces a logic "1" at its output if any or all inputs are logic "1"
It produces a logic "0" at its output if all inputs are logic "1"
It only produces a logic "0" at its output when all inputs are logic "1"
It produces a logic "1" at its output if all inputs are logic "0"

It produces a logic "0" at its output only if all inputs are logic "0"
It produces a logic "1" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1"
It produces a logic "0" at its output if any or all inputs are logic "1"
It produces a logic "1" at its output only when none of its inputs are logic "0"

A table of logic symbols that indicate the high logic states of an op-amp
A diagram showing logic states when the digital device's output is true
A list of inputs and corresponding outputs for a digital device
A table of logic symbols that indicates the low logic states of an op-amp

Reverse Logic
Assertive Logic
Negative logic
Positive Logic

Reverse Logic
Assertive Logic
Negative logic
Positive Logic

More than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees
Exactly 180 degrees
The entire cycle
Less than 180 degrees

Class A
Class B
Class C
Class AB

Approximately half-way between saturation and cutoff
Where the load line intersects the voltage axis
At a point where the bias resistor equals the load resistor
At a point where the load line intersects the zero bias current curve

Tune the stage for maximum SWR
Tune both the input and output for maximum power
Install parasitic suppressors and/or neutralize the stage
Use a phase inverter in the output filter

Push-push
Push-pull
Class C
Class AB

Intermodulation products will be greatly reduced
Overall intelligibility will increase
Part of the transmitted signal will be inverted
The signal may become distorted and occupy excessive bandwidth

By increasing the grid drive
By reducing the grid drive
By feeding back an out-of-phase component of the output to the input
By feeding back an in-phase component of the output to the input

The loading capacitor is set to maximum capacitance and the tuning capacitor is adjusted for minimum allowable plate current
The tuning capacitor is set to maximum capacitance and the loading capacitor is adjusted for minimum plate permissible current
The loading capacitor is adjusted to minimum plate current while alternately adjusting the tuning capacitor for maximum allowable plate current
The tuning capacitor is adjusted for minimum plate current, while the loading capacitor is adjusted for maximum permissible plate current

Load resistors
Fixed bias
Self bias
Feedback

Fixed bias
Emitter bypass
Output load resistor
Self bias

Switching voltage regulator
Linear voltage regulator
Common emitter amplifier
Emitter follower amplifier

Emitter load
Fixed bias
Collector load
Voltage regulation

Output coupling
Emitter bypass
Input coupling
Hum filtering

Neutralization
Select transistors with high beta
Use degenerative emitter feedback
All of the above

Transmission of spurious signals
Creation of parasitic oscillations
Low efficiency
All of the above

Because they are relatively close in frequency to the desired signal
Because they are relatively far in frequency from the desired signal
Because they invert the sidebands causing distortion
Because they maintain the sidebands, thus causing multiple duplicate signals

High power gain
High filament voltage
Low input impedance
Low bandwidth

A high speed multivibrator
An electron-coupled oscillator utilizing a pentode vacuum tube
An oscillator utilizing ceramic elements to achieve stability
A VHF, UHF, or microwave vacuum tube that uses velocity modulation

A type of bipolar operational amplifier with excellent linearity derived from use of very high voltage on the collector
A low-noise VHF or UHF amplifier relying on varying reactance for amplification
A high power amplifier for HF application utilizing the Miller effect to increase gain
An audio push-pull amplifier using silicon carbide transistors for extremely low noise

FET
Nuvistor
Silicon Controlled Rectifier
Triac

Two inductors are in series between the input and output and a capacitor is connected between the two inductors and ground
Two capacitors are in series between the input and output and an inductor is connected between the two capacitors and ground
An inductor is in parallel with the input, another inductor is in parallel with the output, and a capacitor is in series between the two
A capacitor is in parallel with the input, another capacitor is in parallel with the output, and an inductor is in series between the two

It transforms impedance and is a low-pass filter
It transforms reactance and is a low-pass filter
It transforms impedance and is a high-pass filter
It transforms reactance and is a narrow bandwidth notch filter

Greater harmonic suppression
Higher efficiency
Lower losses
Greater transformation range

It introduces negative resistance to cancel the resistive part of an impedance
It introduces transconductance to cancel the reactive part of an impedance
It cancels the reactive part of an impedance and transforms the resistive part to the desired value
Network resistances are substituted for load resistances

A Butterworth filter
An active LC filter
A passive op-amp filter
A Chebyshev filter

Gradual passband rolloff with minimal stop-band ripple
Extremely flat response over its passband, with gradually rounded stop-band corners
Extremely sharp cutoff, with one or more infinitely deep notches in the stop band
Gradual passband rolloff with extreme stop-band ripple

A band-pass filter
A notch filter
A Pi-network filter
An all-pass filter

An adaptive filter
A crystal-lattice filter
A Hilbert-transform filter
A phase-inverting filter

An adaptive filter
A notch filter
A Hilbert-transform filter
An elliptical filter

A crystal filter
A cavity filter
A DSP filter
An L-C filter

Pi-L
Cascode
Omega
Pi

A Phase Inverter Load network
A network consisting of two series inductors and two shunt capacitors
A network with only three discrete parts
A matching network in which all components are isolated from ground

Q of Pi networks can be varied depending on the component values chosen
L networks can not perform impedance transformation
Pi networks have fewer components
Pi networks are designed for balanced input and output

Meteor Scatter
Single-Sideband Voice
Digital
Video

It has a ramp voltage as its output
It eliminates the need for a pass transistor
The control element duty cycle is proportional to the line or load conditions
The conduction of a control element is varied to maintain a constant output voltage

The resistance of a control element is varied in direct proportion to the line voltage or load current
It is generally less efficient than a linear regulator
The control device’s duty cycle is controlled to produce a constant average output voltage
It gives a ramp voltage at its output

A Zener diode
A tunnel diode
An SCR
A varactor diode

A constant current source
A series regulator
A shunt regulator
A shunt current source

A constant current source
A series regulator
A shunt current source
A shunt regulator

It provides negative feedback to improve regulation
It provides a constant load for the voltage source
It increases the current-handling capability of the regulator
It provides D1 with current

It bypasses hum around D1
It is a brute force filter for the output
To self-resonate at the hum frequency
To provide fixed DC bias for Q1

Switching voltage regulator
Grounded emitter amplifier
Linear voltage regulator
Emitter follower

It resonates at the ripple frequency
It provides fixed bias for Q1
It decouples the output
It filters the supply voltage

It prevents self-oscillation
It provides brute force filtering of the output
It provides fixed bias for Q1
It clips the peaks of the ripple

It provides a constant load to the voltage source
It couples hum to D1
It supplies current to D1
It bypasses hum around D1

It provides fixed bias for Q1
It provides fixed bias for D1
It decouples hum from D1
It provides a constant minimum load for Q1

To provide line voltage stabilization
To provide a voltage reference
Peak clipping
Hum filtering

To cut down on waste heat generated by the power supply
To balance the low-voltage filament windings
To improve output voltage regulation
To boost the amount of output current

To provide a dual-voltage output for reduced power applications
To compensate for variations of the incoming line voltage
To allow for remote control of the power supply
To allow the filter capacitors to charge gradually

To equalize, as much as possible, the voltage drop across each capacitor
To provide a safety bleeder to discharge the capacitors when the supply is off
To provide a minimum load current to reduce voltage excursions at light loads
All of these answers are correct

The inverter design does not require any output filtering
It uses a diode bridge rectifier for increased output
The high frequency inverter design uses much smaller transformers and filter components for an equivalent power output
It uses a large power-factor compensation capacitor to create "free" power from the unused portion of the AC cycle

A balanced modulator on the audio amplifier
A reactance modulator on the oscillator
A reactance modulator on the final amplifier
A balanced modulator on the oscillator

To produce PM signals by using an electrically variable resistance
To produce AM signals by using an electrically variable inductance or capacitance
To produce AM signals by using an electrically variable resistance
To produce PM signals by using an electrically variable inductance or capacitance

It varies the tuning of a microphone preamplifier to produce PM signals
It varies the tuning of an amplifier tank circuit to produce AM signals
It varies the tuning of an amplifier tank circuit to produce PM signals
It varies the tuning of a microphone preamplifier to produce AM signals

By using a balanced modulator followed by a filter
By using a reactance modulator followed by a mixer
By using a loop modulator followed by a mixer
By driving a product detector with a DSB signal

A de-emphasis network
A heterodyne suppressor
An audio prescaler
A pre-emphasis network

A de-emphasis network
A heterodyne suppressor
An audio prescaler
A pre-emphasis network

The elimination of noise in a wideband receiver by phase comparison
The elimination of noise in a wideband receiver by phase differentiation
The recovery of the intelligence from a modulated RF signal
The creation of new signals at the sum and difference frequencies

Two and four times the original frequency
The sum, difference and square root of the input frequencies
The original frequencies, and the sum and difference frequencies
1.414 and 0.707 times the input frequency

Spurious mixer products are generated
Mixer blanking occurs
Automatic limiting occurs
A beat frequency is generated

The extraction of weak signals from noise
The recovery of information from a modulated RF signal
The modulation of a carrier
The mixing of noise with a received signal

By rectification and filtering of RF signals
By breakdown of the Zener voltage
By mixing signals with noise in the transition region of the diode
By sensing the change of reactance in the diode with respect to frequency

Discriminator
Phase detector
Product detector
Phase comparator

An FM generator circuit
A circuit for filtering two closely adjacent signals
An automatic band-switching circuit
A circuit for detecting FM signals

Mixing products are converted to voltages and subtracted by adder circuits
A frequency synthesizer removes the unwanted sidebands
Emulation of quartz crystal filter characteristics
The phasing or quadrature method

Software is converted from source code to object code during operation of the receiver
Incoming RF is converted to the IF frequency by rectification to generate the control voltage for a voltage controlled oscillator
Incoming RF is mixed to “baseband” for analog-to-digital conversion and subsequent processing
Software is generated in machine language, avoiding the need for compilers

It converts the output of a JK flip-flop to that of an RS flip-flop
It multiplies a higher frequency signal so a low-frequency counter can display the operating frequency
It prevents oscillation in a low-frequency counter circuit
It divides a higher frequency signal so a low-frequency counter can display the operating frequency

A preamp
A prescaler
A marker generator
A flip-flop

It produces one output pulse for every ten input pulses
It decodes a decimal number for display on a seven-segment LED display
It produces ten output pulses for every input pulse
It adds two decimal numbers together

An emitter-follower
Two frequency multipliers
Two flip-flops
A voltage divider

A 10 MHz oscillator and a flip-flop
A 1 MHz oscillator and a decade counter
A 1 MHz oscillator and a flip-flop
A 100 kHz oscillator and a phase detector

A low-stability oscillator that sweeps through a band of frequencies
An oscillator often used in aircraft to determine the craft's location relative to the inner and outer markers at airports
A crystal-controlled oscillator with an output frequency and amplitude that can be varied over a wide range
A crystal-controlled oscillator that generates a series of reference signals at known frequency intervals

A Wein-bridge oscillator followed by a class-A amplifier
A Foster-Seeley discriminator
A phase-shift oscillator
A crystal oscillator followed by a frequency divider

To add audio markers to an oscilloscope
To provide a frequency reference for a phase locked loop
To provide a means of calibrating a receiver's frequency settings
To add time signals to a transmitted signal

The accuracy of the time base
The speed of the logic devices used
Accuracy of the AC input frequency to the power supply
Proper balancing of the mixer diodes

It counts the total number of pulses in a circuit
It monitors a WWV reference signal for comparison with the measured signal
It counts the number of input pulses occurring within a specific period of time
It converts the phase of the measured signal to a voltage which is proportional to the frequency

To provide a digital representation of the frequency of a signal
To generate a series of reference signals at known frequency intervals
To display all frequency components of a transmitted signal
To provide a signal source at a very accurate frequency

GPS averaging
Period measurement
Prescaling
D/A conversion

It can run on battery power for remote measurements
It does not require an expensive high-precision time base
It provides improved resolution of signals within a comparable time period
It can directly measure the modulation index of an FM transmitter

The values of capacitors and resistors built into the op-amp
The values of capacitors and resistors external to the op-amp
The input voltage and frequency of the op-amp's DC power supply
The output voltage and smoothness of the op-amp's DC power supply

The slew rate of the filter
The bandwidth of the filter
The frequency and phase response of the filter
The gain of the filter

Op-amps are more rugged and can withstand more abuse than can LC elements
Op-amps are fixed at one frequency
Op-amps are available in more varieties than are LC elements
Op-amps exhibit gain rather than insertion loss

Electrolytic
Disc ceramic
Polystyrene
Paper dielectric

Restrict both gain and Q
Restrict gain, but increase Q
Restrict Q, but increase gain
Increase both gain and Q

Standard capacitor values are chosen first, the resistances are calculated, and resistors of the nearest standard value are used
Standard resistor values are chosen first, the capacitances are calculated, and capacitors of the nearest standard value are used
Standard resistor and capacitor values are used, the circuit is tested, and additional resistors are added to make any needed adjustments
Standard resistor and capacitor values are used, the circuit is tested, and additional capacitors are added to make any needed adjustments

As a high-pass filters used to block RFI at the input to receivers
As a low-pass filters used between a transmitter and a transmission line
For smoothing power-supply output
As an audio receiving filter

Regenerative feedback resonator
Helical resonator
Gilbert cell
Sallen-Key

0.21
94
47
24

It increases linearly with increasing frequency
It decreases linearly with increasing frequency
It decreases logarithmically with increasing frequency
It does not vary with frequency

0.23 volts
2.3 volts
-0.23 volts
-2.3 volts

1
0.03
38
76

28
14
7
0.07

A high-gain, direct-coupled differential amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components external to the amplifier
A high-gain, direct-coupled audio amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components external to the amplifier
An amplifier used to increase the average output of frequency modulated amateur signals to the legal limit
A program subroutine that calculates the gain of an RF amplifier

The output voltage of the op-amp minus its input voltage
The difference between the output voltage of the op-amp and the input voltage required in the immediately following stage
The potential between the amplifier input terminals of the op-amp in a closed-loop condition
The potential between the amplifier input terminals of the op-amp in an open-loop condition

100 ohms
1000 ohms
Very low
Very high

Very low
Very high
100 ohms
1000 ohms

Taft, Pierce and negative feedback
Pierce, Fenner and Beane
Taft, Hartley and Pierce
Colpitts, Hartley and Pierce

It must have at least two stages
It must be neutralized
It must have a positive feedback loop with a gain greater than 1
It must have negative feedback sufficient to cancel the input signal

Through a tapped coil
Through a capacitive divider
Through link coupling
Through a neutralizing capacitor

Through a tapped coil
Through link coupling
Through a capacitive divider
Through a neutralizing capacitor

Through a tapped coil
Through link coupling
Through a neutralizing capacitor
Through a quartz crystal

Pierce and Zener
Colpitts and Hartley
Armstrong and deForest
Negative feedback and Balanced feedback

An oscillator in which the output is fed back to the input by the magnetic field of a transformer
An crystal oscillator in which variable frequency is obtained by placing the crystal in a strong magnetic field
A UHF or microwave oscillator consisting of a diode vacuum tube with a specially shaped anode, surrounded by an external magnet
A reference standard oscillator in which the oscillations are synchronized by magnetic coupling to a rubidium gas tube

An oscillator based on the negative resistance properties of properly-doped semiconductors
An oscillator based on the argon gas diode
A highly stable reference oscillator based on the tee-notch principle
A highly stable reference oscillator based on the hot-carrier effect

A direct digital synthesizer
A hybrid synthesizer
A phase locked loop synthesizer
A diode-switching matrix synthesizer

A direct digital synthesizer
A hybrid synthesizer
A phase locked loop synthesizer
A diode-switching matrix synthesizer

The phase relationship between a reference oscillator and the output waveform
The amplitude values that represent a sine-wave output
The phase relationship between a voltage-controlled oscillator and the output waveform
The synthesizer frequency limits and frequency values stored in the radio memories

Broadband noise
Digital conversion noise
Spurs at discrete frequencies
Nyquist limit noise

Phase splitter
Hex inverter
Chroma demodulator
Phase accumulator

Binary expander
J-K flip-flop
Phase locked loop
Compander

The frequency range over which the circuit can lock
The voltage range over which the circuit can lock
The input impedance range over which the circuit can lock
The range of time it takes the circuit to lock

An electronic servo loop consisting of a ratio detector, reactance modulator, and voltage-controlled oscillator
An electronic circuit also known as a monostable multivibrator
An electronic servo loop consisting of a phase detector, a low-pass filter and voltage-controlled oscillator
An electronic circuit consisting of a precision push-pull amplifier with a differential input

Wide-band AF and RF power amplification
Comparison of two digital input signals, digital pulse counter
Photovoltaic conversion, optical coupling
Frequency synthesis, FM demodulation

Any amplitude variations in the reference oscillator signal will prevent the loop from locking to the desired signal
Any phase variations in the reference oscillator signal will produce phase noise in the synthesizer output
Any phase variations in the reference oscillator signal will produce harmonic distortion in the modulating signal
Any amplitude variations in the reference oscillator signal will prevent the loop from changing frequency

It generates FM sidebands
It eliminates the need for a voltage controlled oscillator
It makes it possible for a VFO to have the same degree of stability as a crystal oscillator
It can be used to generate or demodulate SSB signals by quadrature phase synchronization

Broadband noise
Digital conversion noise
Spurs at discrete frequencies
Nyquist limit noise