An "AND" gate
An "OR" gate
A flip-flop
A clock

None
One
Two
Four

A free-running multivibrator
A bistable multivibrator
An OR gate
An astable multivibrator

1
2
4
8

It alternates between two stable states
It alternates between a stable state and an unstable state
It blocks either a 0 pulse or a 1 pulse and passes the other
It alternates between two unstable states

It switches momentarily to the opposite binary state and then returns after a set time to its original state
It is a clock that produces a continuous square wave oscillating between 1 and 0
It stores one bit of data in either a 0 or 1 state
It maintains a constant output voltage, regardless of variations in the input voltage

It produces a logic "0" at its output only if all inputs are logic"1"
It produces a logic "1" at its output only if all inputs are logic"1"
It produces a logic "1" at its output if only one input is a logic"1"
It produces a logic "1" at its output if all inputs are logic "0"

It produces a logic "0" at its output only when all inputs are logic"0"
It produces a logic "1" at its output only when all inputs are logic"1"
It produces a logic "0" at its output if some but not all of its inputs are logic "1"
It produces a logic "0" at its output only when all inputs are logic"1"

It produces a logic "1" at its output if any input is or all inputs are logic "1"
It produces a logic "0" at its output if all inputs are logic "1"
It only produces a logic "0" at its output when all inputs are logic"1"
It produces a logic "1" at its output if all inputs are logic "0"

It produces a logic "0" at its output only if all inputs are logic"0"
It produces a logic "1" at its output only if all inputs are logic"1"
It produces a logic "0" at its output if any input is or all inputs are logic "1"
It produces a logic "1" at its output only when none of its inputs are logic "0"

A table of logic symbols that indicate the high logic states of an op-amp
A diagram showing logic states when the digital device's output is true
A list of input combinations and their corresponding outputs that characterize the function of a digital device
A table of logic symbols that indicates the low logic states of an op-amp

A low level
A positive-transition level
A negative-transition level
A high level

A low level
A positive-transition level
A negative-transition level
A high level

More than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees
Exactly 180 degrees
The entire cycle
Less than 180 degrees

Class A
Class B
Class C
Class AB

Below the saturation region
Above the saturation region
At the zero bias point
Just below the thermal runaway point

By tuning for maximum SWR
By tuning for maximum power output
By neutralization
By tuning the output

By using a push-push amplifier
By using a push-pull amplifier
By operating Class C
By operating Class AB

Reduced amplifier efficiency
Increased intelligibility
Sideband inversion
Distortion

By increasing the grid drive
By feeding back an in-phase component of the output to the input
By feeding back an out-of-phase component of the output to the input
By feeding back an out-of-phase component of the input to the output

Adjust the loading capacitor to maximum capacitance and then dip the plate current with the tuning capacitor
Alternately increase the plate current with the tuning capacitor and dip the plate current with the loading capacitor
Adjust the tuning capacitor to maximum capacitance and then dip the plate current with the loading capacitor
Alternately increase the plate current with the loading capacitor and dip the plate current with the tuning capacitor

Load resistors
Fixed bias
Self bias
Feedback

AC feedback
Input coupling
Power supply decoupling
Emitter bypass

Fixed bias
Emitter bypass
Output load resistor
Self bias

Switching voltage regulator
Linear voltage regulator
Common emitter amplifier
Emitter follower amplifier

Decoupling
Output coupling
Self bias
Input coupling

Emitter load
Fixed bias
Collector load
Voltage regulation

Output coupling
Emitter bypass
Input coupling
Hum filtering

Line voltage stabilization
Voltage reference
Peak clipping
Hum filtering

It increases the output ripple
It provides a constant load for the voltage source
It increases the current-handling capability
It provides D1 with current

It bypasses hum around D1
It is a brute force filter for the output
To self resonate at the hum frequency
To provide fixed DC bias for Q1

Switching voltage regulator
Grounded emitter amplifier
Linear voltage regulator
Emitter follower

It resonates at the ripple frequency
It provides fixed bias for Q1
It decouples the output
It filters the supply voltage

It prevents self-oscillation
It provides brute force filtering of the output
It provides fixed bias for Q1
It clips the peaks of the ripple

It provides a constant load to the voltage source
It couples hum to D1
It supplies current to D1
It bypasses hum around D1

It provides fixed bias for Q1
It provides fixed bias for D1
It decouples hum from D1
It provides a constant minimum load for Q1

Two inductors are in series between the input and output and a capacitor is connected between the two inductors and ground
Two capacitors are in series between the input and output and an inductor is connected between the two capacitors and ground
An inductor is in parallel with the input, another inductor is in parallel with the output, and a capacitor is in series between the two
A capacitor is in parallel with the input, another capacitor is in parallel with the output, and an inductor is in series between the two

A network consisting entirely of four inductors
A network consisting of an inductor and a capacitor
A network used to generate a leading phase angle
A network used to generate a lagging phase angle

It transforms impedances and is a low-pass filter
It transforms reactances and is a low-pass filter
It transforms impedances and is a high-pass filter
It transforms reactances and is a narrow bandwidth notch filter

Greater harmonic suppression
Higher efficiency
Lower losses
Greater transformation range

It introduces negative resistance to cancel the resistive part of an impedance
It introduces transconductance to cancel the reactive part of an impedance
It cancels the reactive part of an impedance and changes the resistive part
Network resistances substitute for load resistances

A Butterworth filter
An active LC filter
A passive op-amp filter
A Chebyshev filter

Gradual passband rolloff with minimal stop-band ripple
Extremely flat response over its passband, with gradually rounded stop-band corners
Extremely sharp cutoff, with one or more infinitely deep notches in the stop band
Gradual passband rolloff with extreme stop-band ripple

A band-pass filter
A notch filter
A pi-network filter
An all-pass filter

Steep amplitude-response skirts
Passband ripple
High input impedance
Linear phase response

An adaptive filter
A crystal-lattice filter
A Hilbert-transform filter
A phase-inverting filter

An adaptive filter
A notch filter
A Hilbert-transform filter
An elliptical filter

A crystal filter
A cavity filter
A DSP filter
An L-C filter

A network consisting entirely of four inductors or four capacitors
A Power Incidence network
An antenna matching network that is isolated from ground
A network consisting of one inductor and two capacitors or two inductors and one capacitor

A Phase Inverter Load network
A network consisting of two inductors and two capacitors
A network with only three discrete parts
A matching network in which all components are isolated from ground

L-network
Pi-network
Pi-L-network
Inverse Pi network

Taft, Pierce and negative feedback
Colpitts, Hartley and Taft
Taft, Hartley and Pierce
Colpitts, Hartley and Pierce

It must have a gain of less than 1
It must be neutralized
It must have positive feedback sufficient to overcome losses
It must have negative feedback sufficient to cancel the input

Through a tapped coil
Through a capacitive divider
Through link coupling
Through a neutralizing capacitor

Through a tapped coil
Through link coupling
Through a capacitive divider
Through a neutralizing capacitor

Through a tapped coil
Through link coupling
Through a neutralizing capacitor
Through a quartz crystal

Pierce and Zener
Colpitts and Hartley
Armstrong and deForest
Negative feedback and Balanced feedback

Any amplitude variations in the reference oscillator signal will prevent the loop from locking to the desired signal
Any phase variations in the reference oscillator signal will produce phase noise in the synthesizer output
Any phase variations in the reference oscillator signal will produce harmonic distortion in the modulating signal
Any amplitude variations in the reference oscillator signal will prevent the loop from changing frequency

It has a ramp voltage as its output
The pass transistor switches from the "off" state to the "on" state
The control device is switched on or off, with the duty cycle proportional to the line or load conditions
The conduction of a control element is varied in direct proportion to the load current to maintain a constant output voltage

The conduction of a control element is varied in direct proportion to the line voltage or load current
It provides more than one output voltage
The control device is switched on or off, with the duty cycle automatically adjusted to maintain a constant average output voltage
It gives a ramp voltage at its output

A Zener diode
A tunnel diode
An SCR
A varactor diode

A constant current source
A series regulator
A shunt regulator
A shunt current source

A constant current source
A series regulator
A shunt current source
A shunt regulator

2.4 volts
3.0 volts
5.6 volts
12.0 volts

Maximum and minimum input voltage, minimum output current and voltage
Maximum and minimum input voltage, maximum and minimum output current and maximum output voltage
Maximum and minimum input voltage, minimum output current and maximum output voltage
Maximum and minimum input voltage, minimum output voltage and Maximum input and output current

A Zener diode
A three-terminal regulator
A bipolar regulator
A pass-transistor regulator

With a balanced modulator on the audio amplifier
With a reactance modulator on the oscillator
With a reactance modulator on the final amplifier
With a balanced modulator on the oscillator

It acts as a variable resistance or capacitance to produce FM signals
It acts as a variable resistance or capacitance to produce AM signals
It acts as a variable inductance or capacitance to produce FM signals
It acts as a variable inductance or capacitance to produce AM signals

It varies the tuning of a microphone preamplifier to produce PM signals
It varies the tuning of an amplifier tank circuit to produce AM signals
It varies the tuning of an amplifier tank circuit to produce PM signals
It varies the tuning of a microphone preamplifier to produce AM signals

By using a balanced modulator followed by a filter
By using a reactance modulator followed by a mixer
By using a loop modulator followed by a mixer
By driving a product detector with a DSB signal

A de-emphasis network
A heterodyne suppressor
An audio prescaler
A pre-emphasis network

A de-emphasis network
A heterodyne suppressor
An audio prescaler
A pre-emphasis network

The elimination of noise in a wideband receiver by phase comparison
The elimination of noise in a wideband receiver by phase differentiation
The recovery of the intelligence from a modulated RF signal
The combination of two signals to produce sum and difference frequencies

Two and four times the original frequency
The sum, difference and square root of the input frequencies
The original frequencies and the sum and difference frequencies
1.414 and 0.707 times the input frequency

Spurious mixer products are generated
Mixer blanking occurs
Automatic limiting occurs
A beat frequency is generated

A direct digital synthesizer
A hybrid synthesizer
A phase-locked loop synthesizer
A diode-switching matrix synthesizer

A direct digital synthesizer
A hybrid synthesizer
A phase-locked loop synthesizer
A diode-switching matrix synthesizer

A variable-frequency crystal oscillator, phase accumulator, digital to analog converter and a loop filter
A stable voltage-controlled oscillator, programmable divider, phase detector, loop filter and a digital to analog converter
A variable-frequency oscillator, programmable divider, phase detector and a low-pass anti-alias filter
A phase accumulator, lookup table, digital to analog converter and a low-pass antialias filter

The phase relationship between a reference oscillator and the output waveform
The amplitude values that represent a sine-wave output
The phase relationship between a voltage-controlled oscillator and the output waveform
The synthesizer frequency limits and frequency values stored in the radio memories

Broadband noise
Digital conversion noise
Spurs at discrete frequencies
Nyquist limit noise

Broadband noise
Digital conversion noise
Spurs at discrete frequencies
Nyquist limit noise

The masking of the intelligence on a received carrier
The recovery of the intelligence from a modulated RF signal
The modulation of a carrier
The mixing of noise with a received signal

Rectification and filtering of RF
Breakdown of the Zener voltage
Mixing with noise in the transition region of the diode
The change of reactance in the diode with respect to frequency

It provides local oscillations for input to a mixer
It amplifies and narrows bandpass frequencies
It mixes an incoming signal with a locally generated carrier
It detects cross-modulation products

With a balanced modulator
With a frequency discriminator
With a product detector
With a phase splitter

An FM generator
A circuit for filtering two closely adjacent signals
An automatic band-switching circuit
A circuit for detecting FM signals

By modulating the supply voltage to a Class-B amplifier
By modulating the supply voltage to a Class-C amplifier
By using a reactance modulator on an oscillator
By using a balanced modulator on an oscillator

It converts the output of a JK flip-flop to that of an RS flip-flop
It multiplies an HF signal so a low-frequency counter can display the operating frequency
It prevents oscillation in a low-frequency counter circuit
It divides an HF signal so a low-frequency counter can display the operating frequency

2
10
20
100

It produces one output pulse for every ten input pulses
It decodes a decimal number for display on a seven-segment LED display
It produces ten output pulses for every input pulse
It adds two decimal numbers

An emitter-follower
Two frequency multipliers
Two flip-flops
A voltage divider

A 1-MHz sinusoidal signal with harmonics every 100 kHz
A 100-kHz signal with harmonics every 100 kHz
A 1-MHz square wave with harmonics every 1 MHz
A 100-kHz signal modulated by a 10-kHz signal

A low-stability oscillator that sweeps through a band of frequencies
An oscillator often used in aircraft to determine the craft's location relative to the inner and outer markers at airports
A high-stability oscillator whose output frequency and amplitude can be varied over a wide range
A high-stability oscillator that generates a series of reference signals at known frequency intervals

A sinusoidal crystal oscillator
A crystal oscillator followed by a class C amplifier
A TTL device wired as a crystal oscillator
A crystal oscillator and a frequency divider

To add audio markers to an oscilloscope
To provide a frequency reference for a phase locked loop
To provide a means of calibrating a receiver's frequency settings
To add time signals to a transmitted signal

The internal crystal reference
A voltage-regulated power supply with an unvarying output
Accuracy of the AC input frequency to the power supply
Proper balancing of the power-supply diodes

It counts the total number of pulses in a circuit
It monitors a WWV reference signal for comparison with the measured signal
It counts the number of input pulses in a specific period of time
It converts the phase of the measured signal to a voltage which is proportional to the frequency

To indicate the frequency of the strongest input signal which is within the counter's frequency range
To generate a series of reference signals at known frequency intervals
To display all frequency components of a transmitted signal
To compare the difference between the input and a voltage-controlled oscillator and produce an error voltage

The values of capacitances and resistances built into the op-amp
The values of capacitances and resistances external to the op-amp
The input voltage and frequency of the op-amp's DC power supply
The output voltage and smoothness of the op-amp's DC power supply

The slew rate of the filter
The bandwidth of the filter
The filter shape, as measured in the frequency domain
The gain of the filter

Op-amps are more rugged and can withstand more abuse than can LC elements
Op-amps are fixed at one frequency
Op-amps are available in more varieties than are LC elements
Op-amps exhibit gain rather than insertion loss

Electrolytic
Disc ceramic
Polystyrene
Paper dielectric

Restrict both gain and Q
Restrict gain, but increase Q
Restrict Q, but increase gain
Increase both gain and Q

Filter bandwidth
Desired current gain
Temperature coefficient
Output-offset overshoot

The amount of ringing
Insertion loss
The number of parts
The choice of capacitors or inductors

Standard capacitor values are chosen first, the resistances are calculated, then resistors of the nearest standard value are used
Standard resistor values are chosen first, the capacitances are calculated, then capacitors of the nearest standard value are used
Standard resistor and capacitor values are used, the circuit is tested, then additional resistors are added to make any adjustments
Standard resistor and capacitor values are used, the circuit is tested, then additional capacitors are added to make any adjustments

An op-amp will perform as an active filter using only standard external capacitance values
The calculations are easier to make with known capacitance values rather than with known resistance values
Capacitors with unusual capacitance values are not widely available,so standard values are used to begin the calculations
The equations for the calculations can only be used with known capacitance values

High-pass filters used to block RFI at the input to receivers
Low-pass filters used between transmitters and transmission lines
Filters used for smoothing power-supply output
Audio filters used for receivers

In the IF strip, immediately before the detector
In the audio circuitry immediately before the speaker or phone jack
Between the balanced modulator and frequency multiplier
In the low-level audio stages